Skip to content
ROAT — Regulation of Automated TransportROAT — Regulation of Automated Transport

Map › Governance

Who decides what draft

The bodies and mechanisms that make, interpret and enforce the rules for automated vehicles. 30 bodies and mechanisms as of 2026-08-27.

International · 8

UNECE Global Forum for Road Traffic Safety (WP.1)

Intergovernmental body International road-traffic rules · UNECE

Develops and interprets international road-traffic instruments, including automated-driving issues.

Key instruments Vienna Convention; WP.1 resolutions; prospective AV Convention

UNECE World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29)

Intergovernmental body International vehicle regulation · UNECE

Adopts UN Regulations and UN Global Technical Regulations for vehicles and systems.

Key instruments UN R155; R156; R157; R160; R171; ADS GTR

UNECE Working Party on Automated/Autonomous and Connected Vehicles (GRVA)

Subsidiary working party ADS technical rule-making · UNECE

Develops technical requirements for automation, cybersecurity, software updates and safety validation.

Key instruments NATM; ADS GTR; UN R157; UN R171

UNECE Group of Experts on the new legal instrument for automated vehicles (GE.3)

Expert group International road-traffic rules · UNECE

Drafts the prospective international legal instrument on automated vehicles in traffic.

Key instruments Draft AV Convention

UNECE IWG on Functional Requirements for Automated Vehicles (FRAV)

Informal working group ADS technical rule-making · UNECE

Develops functional and safety requirements for ADS.

Key instruments ADS GTR; NATM-related requirements

UNECE IWG on Validation Methods for Automated Driving (VMAD)

Informal working group Safety validation · UNECE

Develops validation methods and assessment tools for ADS.

Key instruments NATM; ADS GTR

International Organization for Standardization - ISO/TC 22

Standards organisation Standards and conformity · Global

Develops road-vehicle standards including functional safety, SOTIF and cybersecurity.

Key instruments ISO 26262; ISO 21448; ISO/SAE 21434

SAE International

Standards organisation Standards and terminology · Global

Develops mobility standards, terminology and technical practices.

Key instruments SAE J3016; SAE J3061; related standards

EU / International · 1

ETSI

European standardisation organisation Connectivity and communications standards · Europe

Develops communications, ITS and cybersecurity standards relevant to connected vehicles.

Key instruments C-ITS and communications standards

EU · 7

European Commission - DG GROW

EU institution EU vehicle legislation and type-approval · European Union

Leads EU vehicle type-approval, safety and market-surveillance policy.

Key instruments Regulations 2018/858; 2019/2144; 2022/1426

European Commission - DG MOVE

EU institution EU mobility policy and deployment · European Union

Leads transport, ITS, CCAM and deployment policy.

Key instruments ITS Directive; CCAM policy; C-ITS

European Commission - DG CONNECT

EU institution AI, data and connectivity · European Union

Leads EU digital, AI, data and connectivity policy relevant to automated mobility.

Key instruments AI Act; Data Act; connectivity policy

European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC)

EU scientific service Scientific and technical support · European Union

Provides technical research, interpretation and evidence for EU policy and implementation.

Key instruments ADS safety assessment; type-approval support

European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA)

EU agency Cybersecurity · European Union

Provides cybersecurity guidance, threat analysis and implementation support.

Key instruments Cybersecurity Act; NIS2; AV cybersecurity reports

European Data Protection Board (EDPB)

Independent EU body Data protection · European Union

Issues GDPR guidance and coordinates national data-protection authorities.

Key instruments EDPB Guidelines 1/2020

CEN and CENELEC

European standardisation organisations European standardisation · European Union

Develop European standards supporting EU legislation and interoperability.

Key instruments Harmonised and technical standards

EU / National · 3

EU and national type-approval authorities

Network of national authorities Type-approval and authorisation · European Union

Grant approvals, exchange information and supervise compliance.

Key instruments Regulation 2018/858; Regulation 2022/1426

EU and national market-surveillance authorities

Network of national authorities Market surveillance and enforcement · European Union

Investigate non-compliance, order corrective action and coordinate recalls.

Key instruments Regulation 2018/858

Technical services designated under EU type-approval law

Technical service Testing and conformity assessment · European Union

Perform tests, inspections and assessments for approval authorities.

Key instruments Regulation 2018/858; Regulation 2022/1426

National · 7

Ministry of Transport of the Slovak Republic

National ministry / authority National legislation and testing authorisation · Slovakia

Responsible for vehicle operation, type-approval and automated-vehicle testing framework.

Key instruments Act No. 429/2022 Coll.; vehicle operation legislation

Police Force of the Slovak Republic

Enforcement authority Road enforcement and incident response · Slovakia

Road-traffic enforcement, crash response and operational interaction with automated vehicles.

Key instruments Road Traffic Act; testing permits and conditions

German Federal Motor Transport Authority (KBA)

National authority Type-approval and national operational approval · Germany

Vehicle approvals, market surveillance and autonomous-driving approvals under German law.

Key instruments StVG; AFGBV; EU type-approval law

German Federal Highway Research Institute (BASt)

National research body Research and technical support · Germany

Provides safety research, testing support and policy evidence on automated driving.

Key instruments German automated-driving policy and technical guidance

UK Department for Transport

National ministry National legislation and deployment · United Kingdom

Develops secondary legislation, safety principles, passenger-service pilots and policy.

Key instruments Automated Vehicles Act 2024; trialling code

UK Centre for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CCAV)

Government policy unit Policy coordination and deployment · United Kingdom

Coordinates UK connected and automated mobility policy and programmes.

Key instruments Automated Vehicles Act implementation; CAM programmes

UK Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)

National type-approval authority Type-approval · United Kingdom

Vehicle certification and type-approval functions.

Key instruments UK vehicle approval framework

National / International reference · 1

British Standards Institution (BSI)

Standards organisation Testing and operational standards · United Kingdom

Publishes PAS and standards supporting automated-vehicle trials and deployment.

Key instruments PAS 1884; PAS 1885; BSI Flex 1890

US Federal · 2

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)

US federal agency Federal vehicle safety and enforcement · United States

Administers FMVSS, investigations, recalls, exemptions and ADS/ADAS crash reporting.

Key instruments FMVSS; SGO 2021-01; exemptions

National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB)

US independent agency Independent accident investigation · United States

Investigates major transport accidents and issues safety recommendations.

Key instruments AV and ADAS accident investigations

US State · 1

California Department of Motor Vehicles

US state authority Testing and deployment permits · California, USA

Issues AV testing and deployment permits and collects disengagement/collision reports.

Key instruments California AV regulations

Provenance

ROAT Regulatory Map 2026 – Reconstructed Draft v0.7.1 (PraF UK), sheet "Governance", cut-off 2026-08-27. Orientation table. It names the forum in which each instrument on the map is made or applied.