Map › Interfaces
Thirteen interfaces between automated-mobility legal regimes, and the friction each one produces. Position as of 2026-08-27.
1UNECE ADS safety frameworkEU vehicle type approvalemerging / new 2026
How global ADS safety evidence enters EU approval pathways
2AI Act + Digital OmnibusVehicle safety / type approvaltransition
Horizontal AI governance overlaps with sectoral automotive law
3Testing & safety evidenceType approval decisionemerging
When can simulation, scenarios and public-road testing become legally sufficient evidence?
4EU type approvalNational road operationstructural interface
Approval of a vehicle does not itself answer all road-use, operator and service questions
5Manufacturer / ASDE / ADS providerOperator / service provideraccountability gap
Allocation of lifecycle safety duties between product and operational actors
6ADS automated functionHuman oversight / remote managementrole interface
Driver, remote assistant, remote driver and oversight roles are not legally equivalent
7Vehicle deploymentOperator / service authorisationnational divergence
Technical fitness and authorisation to run a transport service are separate questions
8ODD / infrastructure assumptionsRoad & digital infrastructurecross-sector
Operational safety depends on infrastructure conditions not controlled solely by vehicle law
9Operational event / crashIncident reporting & enforcementin-use governance
Who must report, preserve evidence, investigate and trigger corrective action?
10Software defect / update failureProduct liabilitynew liability regime
Post-market software and update control can become an ex post liability issue
11Road accidentMotor insurance / compensationestablished + av review
Victim compensation remains necessary even where fault migrates away from the human driver
12ADS data / event logsPrivacy, cybersecurity & evidencemulti-regime
The same data can be safety evidence, personal data and cybersecurity-relevant information
13Commercial deploymentLiability allocationopen design question
Who carries residual risk once AV operation moves from testing into normal service?
the central regulatory problem is increasingly not absence of rules, but coordination across technical approval, AI governance, national operation, human roles, post-market control and loss allocation.
Provenance
ROAT Regulatory Map 2026 – Reconstructed Draft v0.7.1 (PraF UK), sheet "Regulatory Interfaces v0.6", cut-off 2026-08-27. Analytical layer. An interface is a place where two regimes have to be read together; the tag says what kind of problem that produces.